2026

This study examines how Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) could affect urban land use, focusing on which types of parcels and land uses are most likely to change under future AV adoption scenarios. Using Los Angeles County as a case study, the research combines a review of existing AV and land use literature with a parcel-level spatial analysis to explore where redevelopment pressures and land use transitions may emerge. The report is intended to help cities and planners better understand the potential — and limitations — of AV-driven land use change.

Shared mobility services operate under varied regulations that are set by different levels of government, carry different compliance and enforcement costs, and may change substantially over time. Despite the important role shared mobility regulations may play in both service success and alignment with broad city goals, no comprehensive understanding exists of how shared mobility regulations are set, by whom, and what elements of service and operation are regulated across modes. This report details regulations across four shared modes: electric bike-share and scooter-share, transportation network companies (TNCs), micro-transit, and shared autonomous vehicles (AVs). The report categorizes regulations by mode, reviews how shared mobility regulations are set, who sets them, and the qualitative costs and benefits regulations yield for different stakeholders.