This policy brief summarizes some of the key findings from a comprehensive literature review (submitted for publication) on the impact of shared mobility services and GHG emissions.

Key findings

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The modes with the lowest GHG emissions are walking, personal and shared biking and e-scooters, and public transit. Transportation managers should ensure that these modes are among the best options by investing in access, infrastructure, and supporting programs to ensure it is the fastest, cheapest,
safest, and most comfortable way for everyone to travel.

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Microtransit and carsharing can support car-free or car-lite households and likely don’t increase GHG emissions significantly, especially if station-based instead of free floating, and are designed to support transit.

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Personally owned and ride-hail vehicles emit the most GHG emissions from transportation today. Electric vehicles emit fewer GHG emissions than an internal combustion vehicle. Ride-hailing results in increased congestion, VMT, and GHG emissions. AVs likely will as well (and could be even worse).
Electric ride-hailing and AVs could help, but increased VMT and congestion may cancel out the benefits.

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